The systole and diastole blood pressure readings are usually at a constant gap of around 30. To measure heart rate the only equipment you would need is a clock and a stethoscope, but even then, you don't need to use a stethoscope and you could use your fingers instead, but not your thumb. To measure blood pressure you need a stethoscope and a sphygmomanometer. Using your thumb to check your pulse isn't ideal, because the skin on your thumb is thicker than that on your other fingers, which makes it harder to feel your pulse. To use a pressure cuff, or a sphygmomanometer, you need to first loosen the cuff and put it on your upper arm. Next you need to tighten the cuff, but not too tight so you don't cut off circulation, just make it snug. Then you squeeze the bulb so the cuff inflates and do it until it gets up to around 160 and stop, before slowly letting out the air and releasing the pressure.
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